Both gpon and epon belong to infinite light source network technology, referred to as PON, which includes gpon and epon. It is a high-tech technology for the development of fiber-to-the-home. The implementation of this technology can not only save backbone fiber resources and network levels, but also speed up network transmission and improve the pull-in capacity of broadband. It has more types of access services, more advanced remote management capabilities and light source distribution structure to reduce operation and maintenance costs. More able to support a variety of different application scenarios. 

What is EPON? 
EPON is a broadband access technology that adopts point-to-multipoint network structure, passive optical fiber transmission mode, based on high-speed Ethernet platform and TDM (time division multiplexing) time division MAC media access control mode, and provides a variety of integrated services. The EPON system adopts WDM technology to realize two-way transmission of single fiber. The principle of EPON adopts the following two multiplexing techniques in order to separate the signals of multiple users coming and going on the same optical fiber. A, the downlink data stream adopts broadcast technology. B, the upstream data stream adopts TDMA technology. 

What is GPON? 
GPON technology is the latest generation of broadband passive optical integrated access standard based on ITU-TG.984.x (International Telecommunication Union TG.984.x) standard. It has many advantages, such as high bandwidth, high efficiency, large coverage, rich user interfaces and so on. It is regarded by most operators as an ideal technology to realize the broadband and integrated transformation of access network services. 
GPON principle. 
GPON downlink-broadcast transmission. 
GPONS uplink-- TDMA mode